Sae 15w-30 lubricating oil composition having improved oxidative stability

ABSTRACT

We provide a SAE 15W-30 lubricating oil, comprising: a Group II base oil having a KV at 100° C. from 5.0 to 8.0 mm 2 /s; a second Group II base oil having a KV at 100° C. from 10 to 14 mm 2 /s; a DI additive package designed to meet API CJ-4; and 0.50 to 4.95 wt % viscosity modifier; wherein the lubricating oil has a TBN from 8.55 to 11.00 and provides an Induction Time in a CMOT from 270 to 450 minutes. We also provide a process for making the lubricating oil, comprising: blending the Group II base oils to make a blended base oil mixture and adding to the blended base oil mixture: a DI additive package designed to meet API CJ-4, and a viscosity modifier; wherein the lubricating oil has a TBN from 8.55 to 11.00 and provides an Induction Time in a CMOT from 270 to 450 minutes.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This application is directed to a SAE 15W-30 lubricating oil compositionhaving improved oxidative stability that is made using two differentgrades of Group II base oil, a detergent inhibitor additive package, aTotal Base Number (TBN) booster, and a viscosity modifier.

BACKGROUND

Lubricating oil compositions are needed that meet modern performancespecifications and that show improved performance in oxidative stabilityand other tests.

A SAE 15W-30 lubricating oil composition can be a lower-cost alternativeto SAE 10W-30 lubricating oil compositions. In one embodiment, a SAE15W-30 lubricating oil composition can provide similar fuel economybenefits as a SAE 10W-30 lubricating oil composition, but with enhancedengine wear protection due to the SAE 15W-30 lubricating oil compositionhaving a base oil blend viscosity that is almost as high as a SAE 15W-40lubricating oil composition.

SUMMARY

This application provides a lubricating oil composition, comprising:

-   -   a. a first Group II base oil having a kinematic viscosity at        100° C. from 5.0 to 8.0 mm²/s;    -   b. a second Group II base oil having a second kinematic        viscosity at 100° C. from 10 to 14 mm²/s;    -   c. a detergent inhibitor additive package designed to meet an        API CJ-4 service category;    -   d. 0.50 to 4.95 wt % of a viscosity modifier; wherein the        lubricating oil composition has an SAE 15W-30 viscosity grade by        SAE J300, a TBN from 8.55 to 11.00 mg KOH/g by ASTM D2896-11;        and wherein the lubricating oil composition provides an        Induction Time in a Caterpillar Micro-Oxidation Test from 270 to        450 minutes.

This application also provides a process for making a lubricating oilcomposition, comprising:

-   -   a. blending a first Group II base oil having a kinematic        viscosity at 100° C. from 5.0 to 8.0 mm²/s with a second Group        II base oil having a second kinematic viscosity at 100° C. from        10 to 14 mm²/s to make a blended base oil mixture having a        blended base oil kinematic viscosity at 100° C. from 6.0 mm²/s        to 7.3 mm²/s; and    -   b. adding to the blended base oil mixture:        -   i. a detergent inhibitor additive package designed to meet            an API CJ-4 service category; and        -   ii. 0.5 to 4.95 wt % of a viscosity modifier, to make the            lubricating oil composition; wherein the lubricating oil            composition has an SAE 15W-30 viscosity grade by SAE J300, a            TBN from 8.55 to 11.00 mg KOH/g by ASTM D2896-11; and            wherein the lubricating oil composition provides an            Induction Time in a Caterpillar Micro-Oxidation Test from            270 to 450 minutes.

This application also provides a method of operating an engine,comprising lubricating an engine with a lubricating oil compositioncomprising:

-   -   a. a first Group II base oil having a kinematic viscosity at        100° C. from 5.0 to 8.0 mm2/s;    -   b. a second Group II base oil having a second kinematic        viscosity at 100° C. from 10 to 14 mm²/s;    -   c. a detergent inhibitor additive package designed to meet an        API CJ-4 service category; and    -   d. 0.50 to 4.95 wt % of a viscosity modifier.

The present invention may suitably comprise, consist of, or consistessentially of, the elements in the claims, as described herein.

GLOSSARY

“Base oil” refers to a hydrocarbon fluid to which other oils orsubstances are added to produce a lubricant.

“Lubricant” refers to substances (usually a fluid under operatingconditions) introduced between two moving surfaces so to reduce thefriction and wear between them.

“Group II base oil” refers to a base oil which contains greater than orequal to 90% saturates and less than or equal to 0.03% sulfur and has aviscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120 using theAmerican Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) methods specified inTable E-1 of American Petroleum Institute Publication 1509 (REV:1 Sep.2011). ASTM International, formerly known as the American Society forTesting and Materials (ASTM), is a globally recognized leader in thedevelopment and delivery of international voluntary consensus standards.

“Group II+base oil” refers to a Group II base oil having a viscosityindex greater than or equal to 110 and less than 120.

“Group I, II, III, IV, and V base oils” are defined in Table E-1 ofAmerican Petroleum Institute Publication 1509 (REV:1 Sep. 2011)

“Kinematic viscosity” refers to the ratio of the dynamic viscosity tothe density of a material at the same temperature and pressure.Kinematic viscosity (KV) is measured at a defined temperature (e.g.,100° C.) by ASTM D445-12. Shorthand for kinematic viscosity at a definedtemperature may be expressed as KV100 or KV40, for example.

“Viscosity index” (VI) is an empirical, unit-less number indicating theeffect of temperature change on the kinematic viscosity of the base oilor lubricant. A higher VI indicates a smaller decrease in kinematicviscosity with increasing temperature. VI is measured according to ASTMD2270-10″.

“Detergent inhibitor (DI) additive package” refers to a carefullyblended mixture of additives used to formulate lubricating oilcompositions that will meet certain performance criteria. DI additivepackages are commercially available from a number of additive companies.Examples of companies that supply these DI additive packages includeOronite, Lubrizol, and Infineum.

“Succinimide” refers to the product of a reaction of an alkenylsubstituted succinic acid or anhydride with a nitrogen-containingcompound.

“Succinimide dispersants” are referred to as such since they normallycontain nitrogen largely in the form of imide functionality, althoughthe amide functionality may be in the form of amine salts, amides,imidazolines, as well as mixtures thereof. Procedures for preparingsuccinimide dispersants are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos.3,172,892; 3,219,666; 3,272,746; 4,234,435; 6,165,235; and 6,440,905.“Trim stock” refers to a base oil that may be blended with two or moreother base oils, in an amount less than the two or more other base oils,so as to bring a low-temp cranking viscosity and NOACK volatility of ablended base oil mixture into a range to meet SAE J300 and API CJ-4requirements. A trim stock, for example, may be a Group II, a Group II+,a Group III, a Group IV, or a Group V base oil. The use and selection ofa trim stock is described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2010-0077842A1.

“NOACK volatility” is determined using ASTM D5800-10, which is theStandard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by theNOACK Method.

“Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J300” refers to the Engine OilViscosity Classification most recently updated and published by SAE onApr. 2, 2013. The standard includes the following table:

SAE J300 High-Shear- Rate Low-Temp Viscosity (° C.) Pumping mPa · s atLow-Temp Viscosity 150° C. Min (° C.) Cranking mPa · s MaxLow-Shear-Rate Kinematic ASTM Viscosity with no yield Viscosity D4683,SAE mPa · s Max stress mm²/s at mm²/s at D4741, Viscosity ASTM ASTM 100°C. Min 100° C. Max D5481 or Grade D5293 D4684 ASTM D445 CEC 1-36-90  0 W6200 at −35 60,000 at −40 3.8 — —  5 W 6600 at −30 60,000 at −35 3.8 — —10 W 7000 at −25 60,000 at −30 4.1 — — 15 W 7000 at −20 60,000 at −255.6 — — 20 W 9500 at −15 60,000 at −20 5.6 — — 25 W 13000 at −10  60,000at −15 9.3 — — 16 — — 6.1 <8.2 2.3 20 — — 6.9 <9.3 2.6 30 — — 9.3 <12.52.9 40 — — 12.5 <16.3 3.5(*) 40 — — 12.5 <16.3 3.7(**) 50 — — 16.3 <21.93.7 60 — — 21.9 <26.1 3.7 (*)for 0 W-40, 5 W-40 and 10 W-40 grades(**)for 15 W-40, 20 W-40, 25 W-40 and 40 grades

“Multigrade Engine Oil” refers to a lubricant meeting requirements ofboth a SAE viscosity grade in the upper portion of the SAE J300 tableand an SAE viscosity grade in the lower portion of the SAE J300 table,as described previously. Two non-limiting examples of multigrade engineoils are SAE 15W-40 or SAE 15W-30.

“TBN booster” refers to an additive, or mixture of additives, thatcomprises a nitrogen-containing dispersant having a Total Base Number(TBN) from 45 to 145 mg KOH/g by ASTM D2896-11. In some embodiments, thenitrogen-containing dispersant may be ashless, for example a succinimidedispersant. The TBN booster can be designed primarily to provideadditional basicity to the formulation (measured as Total Base Number[TBN], by ASTM D2896-11).

“Viscosity Modifier” refers to polymeric additives that providelubricants with high and low temperature operability. Viscositymodifiers are added to lubricants to change the lubricant's viscousresponse to temperature, and they improve the lubricant's viscosityindex. Viscosity modifiers are also known as VI improvers and viscosityindex improvers.

“Pour Point Depressant” refers to an additive that lowers the pour pointof a wax-containing lubricant by reducing the tendency of the wax tosolidify.

“Oxidative Stability” refers to the resistance of a base oil orlubricant to react with oxygen, which can degrade the oil and contributeto varnish, deposits, and poor engine performance. Oxidative stabilitycan be measured by a number of oxidation tests, including pressurizeddifferential scanning calorimeter (PDSC), Caterpillar Micro-Oxidationtest (CMOT), and Moderately High Temperature Thermo-Oxidation EngineTest (TEOST MHT).

“Shear Stability Index” (SSI) refers to a polymer's resistance tomechanical degradation (polymer coil breakage) under shearing stress ina European Diesel Injector Test by ASTM D6022-06 (R 2012) and ASTMD7109. The European Diesel Injector Test (ASTM D7109-12) measures thepermanent reduction in an oil's viscosity after 30 cycles through thetest apparatus. For example, a SSI of 50 means that the additive willlose 50% of the viscosity it contributes to a lubricant.

“American Petroleum Institute (API) CJ-4 service category” refers tolubricants for use in high-speed four-stroke cycle diesel enginesdesigned to meet 2010 model year on-highway and Tier 4 non-road exhaustemission standards as well as for previous model years. These lubricantsare especially effective at sustaining emission control systemdurability where particulate filters and other advanced aftertreatmentsystems are used. API CJ-4 requirements were introduced in 2006 and aresummarized below. The Standard Specification for Performance of ActiveAPI Service Category Engine Oils is ASTM D4485-11b. The associated ASTMtest numbers are shown in parentheses in the summarized requirements,below.

API CJ-4 Performance Specification (Bench Tests) Requirements UnitsLimits (1) Chemical Limits (Non- Critical) Sulfated Ash (D 874), max %1.0 Phosphorus (D 4951), max % 0.12 Sulfur (D 4951), max % 0.4 NOACKVolatility (D 5800) Evap Loss @250° C., Vis % 13 Grades other than 10W-30, max Evap Loss @ 250° C., 10 W-30, % 15 max High Temp/High ShearViscosity (D 4683) Viscosity @150° C., min cP 3.5 Shear Stability (D7109) KV @100° C. after 90-passes for cSt 12.5 XW-40, min KV @100° C.after 90-passes for cSt 9.3 XW-30, min Sooted Oil MRV (D 6896) 180 HourSample from Mack T-11 or T-11A Viscosity @−20° C., max cP 25,000 YieldStress Pa <35 High Temp Corrosion, 135° C. (D 6594) Copper, used oilincrease, ppm 20 max Lead, used oil increase, ppm 120 max Copper StripRating, max — 3 Seal Compatibility (D 7216) (2) Nitrile/NBR VolumeChange % +5/−3 Hardness Points +7/−5 Tensile Strength % +10/−TMC1006Elongation % +10/−TMC1006 Silicone/VMQ Volume Change % +TMC1006/−3Hardness Points +5/−TMC1006 Tensile Strength % +10/−45 Elongation %+20/−30 Polyacrylate/ACM Volume Change % +5/−3 Hardness Points +8/−5Tensile Strength % +18/−15 Elongation % +10/−35 Fluoroelastomer/FKMVolume Change % +5/−2 Hardness Points +7/−5 Tensile Strength %+10/−TMC1006 Elongation % +10/−TMC1006 Vamac G Volume Change %+TMC1006/−3 Hardness Points +5/−TMC1006 Tensile Strength % +10/−TMC1006Elongation % +10/−TMC1006 Foaming (D 892) Foaming/Settling Sequence I,max % 10/0 Sequence II, max % 20/0 Sequence III, max % 10/0

API CJ-4 Performance Specification (Engine Tests) Limits (1)Requirements Units 1-Test 2-Test 3-Test Engine Oil Aeration (D 6894) OilAeration % 8.0 8.0 8.0 Volume, max (MTAC) (MTAC) (MTAC) Caterpillar 1N(D 6750) Top Land Heavy Carbon, % 3 4 5 max Top Groove Fill, max % 20 2325 Weighted Demerits, max demerits 286.2 311.7 323.0 Average Oil g/kW-hr0.5 0.5 0.5 Consumption (0-252 hr), max Ring/Liner Scuffing None NoneNone Caterpillar C13 (D 7549) Merits, min 1000 (3) 1000 (3) 1000 (3) HotStuck Rings None None None Cummins ISB (D 7484) Tappet Wear, max mg 100108 112 Cam Wear, max microns 55 59 61 Crosshead Weight mg Rate & Rate &Rate & Loss Report Report Report Cummins ISM (D 7468) Merits, min mg1000 (3) 1000 (3) 1000 (3) Top Ring Wt Loss, max 100 100 100 Mack T-11(D 7156) Soot at 4 cSt Inc, min % 3.5 3.4 3.3 Soot at 12 cSt Inc, min %6.0 5.9 5.9 Soot at 15 cSt Inc, min % 6.7 6.6 6.5 Mack T-12 (D 7156)Merits, min 1000 (3) 1000 (3) 1000 (3) Roller Follower Wear Test (D5966) Roller Follower Pin microns 7.6 8.4 9.1 Wear, max (mils) (0.30)(0.33) (0.36) Sequence IIIF (D 6984) (4) Viscosity Inc at % 275 275 275EOT, max (MTAC) (MTAC) (MTAC) (1) Limits approved at the ASTM HDEOCPmeeting on Jan. 26, 2006 (2) Limits expressed as +/−TMC1006 determinedand adjusted through reference testing (3) Requires all individual meritratings to be equal to or greater than zero; see CJ-4 Merit SystemSummary (4) Passing Seq IIIG viscosity increase at API SM limits is anacceptable alternate

Summary of API CJ-4 Merit Systems Merit System Values Max ParameterEngine Tests Merit (1) Anchor (2) Cap (3) Weight Caterpillar C13 (D7549) TLC demerits 15 30 35 300 TGC demerits 30 46 53 300 2RTC demerits5 22 33 100 Oil Consumption g/hr 10 25 31 300 Increase Cummins ISM (D7468) Crosshead Weight mg 4.3 5.7 7.1 350 Loss Injector Screw Wear mg 1627 49 350 Oil Filter Pressure kPa 7 13 19 150 Delta Sludge merits 9.39.0 8.7 150 Mack T-12 (D 7156) Top Ring Weight Loss mg 35 70 105 200Cylinder Liner Wear microns 12 20 24 250 Lead Increase 0-300 hrs ppm 1025 35 200 Lead Increase 250-300 hrs ppm 0 10 15 200 Phase 2 Oil g/hr 5065 85 150 Consumption (1) Results at the Max Merit point; merits areequal to twice the Parameter Weight; no additional merits awarded forperformance better than the Max Merit level (2) Results at the Anchorreceive merits equal to the Parameter Weight (3) Results at the Capreceive zero merits; performance worse than the Cap receives negativemerits and the overall test result is a fail regardless of the totalmerit rating

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The lubricating oil composition comprises a combination of at least twoGroup 11 base oils and additives that are selected to meet heavy dutyengine oil specifications, including API-CJ-4.

Base Oils

Each Group II base oil in the lubricating oil composition has adifferent kinematic viscosity at 100° C. A first Group II base oil has afirst kinematic viscosity at 100° C. from 5.0 to 8.0 mm²/s. In oneembodiment the first kinematic viscosity at 100° C. is from 6.2 to 7.0,such as from 6.3 to 6.9 mm²/s. A second Group TI base oil has a secondkinematic viscosity from 10 to mm²/s, such as from 11 to 13, or from11.7 to 12.7 mm²/s. In one embodiment, at least one or all of the GroupII base oils have viscosity indexes less than 110, such as from 90 to109, or from 95 to 109. In one embodiment the first Group II base oilhas a first viscosity index less than 110 and the second Group II baseoil has a second viscosity index less than 110.

When making the lubricating oil composition, at least two Group II baseoils are blended together to make a blended base oil mixture having ablended base oil viscosity from 6.0 to 7.3 mm²/s. In one embodiment, theblended base oil mixture has a blended base oil viscosity from 6.50 to6.80 mm²/s. In one embodiment, no trim stock is blended into the blendedbase oil mixture or added to the blended base oil mixture, as trim stockis not needed to bring the lubricating oil composition to the SAE 15W-30viscosity grade. In another embodiment, a trim stock can be added to theblended base oil mixture.

Detergent Inhibitor Additive Package

The lubricating oil composition also comprises a detergent inhibitoradditive package designed to meet a CJ-4 service category. In oneembodiment, the detergent inhibitor additive package is one designed tomeet the CJ-4 service category in a multigrade engine oil blended withone or more Group II base oils. Different detergent inhibitor additivepackages are needed in Group II base oils because of their typicallylower oxidative stability compared to more highly refined Group III orsynthetic Group IV base oils. In one embodiment, the multigrade engineoil that the detergent inhibitor additive package is designed for is aSAE 15W-40.

In one embodiment, the amount of the detergent inhibitor additivepackage in the lubricating oil composition can be from 12 to 20 wt %,such as from 13 to 19 wt %, or from 14 to 17 wt %.

In one embodiment, the detergent inhibitor additive package comprises atleast one detergent, at least one dispersant, at least one antiwearagent, at least one antioxidant, and other additives.

The detergent inhibitor additive package typically comprises at leastone metal-containing detergent. The detergent can function as one ormore of a) a detergent to reduce or remove deposits, b) as an acidneutralizer, or c) as a rust inhibitor. The metal-containing detergentcan comprise a polar head with a long hydrophobic tail, with the polarhead comprising a metal salt of an acid organic compound. In oneembodiment the metal-containing detergent is overbased. Overbasedmetal-containing detergents can be single phase, homogeneous Newtoniansystems characterized by a metal content in excess of that which wouldbe present according to the stoichiometry of the metal and theparticular acidic organic compound reacted with the metal to prepare thedetergent. An overbased metal-containing detergent can be made byreacting an acidic material (typically an inorganic acid or lowercarboxylic acid) with a mixture comprising an acidic organic compound ina reaction medium comprising at least one inert, organic solvent in thepresence of a stoichiometric excess of a metal base and a promoter.Examples of acidic materials used to make metal-containing detergentsare carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, phosphorus-containing acids,phenols, and mixtures thereof. Mixtures of different metal-containingdetergents can be present in the detergent inhibitor additive package.

The detergent inhibitor additive package typically comprises dispersantsthat can be used to maintain in suspension insoluble materials resultingfrom oxidation during use. The dispersants can be ashless.Nitrogen-containing ashless dispersants are basic, and contribute to theTBN of the lubricating oil composition. Representative ashlessdispersants include, but are not limited to, amines, alcohols, amides,or ester polar moieties attached to a polymer backbone via bridginggroups. Ashless dispersants can be selected, for example, from solublesalts, esters, amino-esters, amides, imides, and oxazolines of longchain hydrocarbon substituted mono and dicarboxylic acids or theiranhydrides; thiocarboxylate derivatives of long chain hydrocarbons, longchain aliphatic hydrocarbons having polyamine attached directly thereto;and Mannich condensation products formed by condensing a long chainsubstituted phenol with formaldehyde and polyalkylene polyamine.Carboxylic dispersants are reaction products of carboxylic acylatingagents with nitrogen containing compounds, organic hydroxyl compounds,or aromatic compounds. Succinimide dispersants are a type of carboxylicdispersant. Examples of succinimide dispersants include those described,for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,172,892, 4,234,435, and 6,165,235.

In one embodiment, the detergent inhibitor additive package comprisesmore than one dispersant, such as a blend of at least at least two ofthe following: a succinimide dispersant, a Mannich dispersant, anester-containing dispersant, a condensation product of a fattyhydrocarbyl monocarboxylic acylating agent with an amine or ammonia, analkyl amino phenol dispersant, a hydrocarbyl-amine dispersant, apolyether dispersant, a polyetheramine dispersant, a viscosity modifiercontaining dispersant functionality (for example polymeric viscosityindex modifiers (VMs) containing dispersant functionality). In oneembodiment, the detergent inhibitor additive package comprises at leastone ethylene carbonate-treated bis-succinimide dispersant and at leastone borated bis-succinimide dispersant, such as those described inUS20030224948A1. Examples of detergent inhibitor additive packages withmore than one dispersant are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,902,130;8,183,187; and 8,598,099; and in WO2010075103A2.

The detergent inhibitor additive package can comprise antioxidantcompounds. These oxidation inhibitors can include, for example, hinderedphenols, ashless oil soluble phenates and sulfurized phenates,alkyl-substituted diphenylamine, alkyl-substituted phenyl,naphthylamines and the like, and mixtures thereof.

The detergent inhibitor additive package can comprise anti-wear agents,such as molybdenum-containing complexes and metal dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate. As their name implies, anti-wear agents reduce wear ofmoving metallic parts. Examples of anti-wear agents include, but are notlimited to, phosphates, carbamates, esters, molybdenum complexes, andmixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the detergent inhibitor additivepackage can comprise a molybdenum/nitrogen-containing complex. In oneembodiment, the detergent inhibitor additive package can comprise a zincdialkylthiophosphate.

The detergent inhibitor additive package can comprise one or more otheradditives that impart auxiliary functions to help meet performancespecifications. These other additives can include, for example, frictionmodifiers, rust inhibitors, dehazing agents, demulsifying agents, metaldeactivating agents, pour point depressants, viscosity modifiers,antifoaming agents, co-solvents, package compatibilisers,corrosion-inhibitors, dyes, extreme pressure agents, multifunctionaladditives, and mixtures thereof.

Examples of friction modifiers include fatty alcohol, fatty acid, amine,borated ester, other esters, phosphates, phosphites, phosphonates,molybdenum compounds, and mixtures thereof. Examples of molybdenumcompounds that can be used as friction modifiers include organomolybdenum compounds, molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamates, molybdenumdialkylthiophosphates, molybdenum disulphide, trimolybdenum clusterdialkyldithiocarbamates, non-sulphur molybdenum compounds and mixturesthereof.

Examples of rust inhibitors include one or more of the following:nonionic polyoxyethylene surface active agents: polyoxyethylene laurylether, polyoxyethylene higher alcohol ether, polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene octylstearyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitolmonostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitol mono-oleate, and polyethyleneglycol mono-oleate. Other compounds that can function as rust inhibitorsare stearic acid and other fatty acids, dicarboxylic acids, metal soaps,fatty acid amine salts, metal salts of heavy sulfonic acid, partialcarboxylic acid ester of polyhydric alcohol, and phosphoric ester.

Examples of demulsifying agents include the addition product ofalkylphenol and ethylene oxide, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether,polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester, and combinations thereof.

Examples of pour point depressants are polymethacrylates,polyalkylmethacrylates, polyacrylates, di(tetra paraffin phenol)phthalate, condensation products of tetra paraffin phenol, andcondensation product of a chlorinated paraffin wax with naphthalene.Examples of viscosity modifiers include polymethacrylate-type polymers,ethylene-propylene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers, hydratedstyrene-isoprene copolymers, polyisobutylene, dispersant type viscositymodifiers, and mixtures thereof.

Examples of antifoaming agents are alkyl methacrylate polymers anddimethyl silicone polymers.

Examples of extreme pressure agents include zincdialky-1-dithiophosphate (primary alkyl, secondary alkyl, and aryltype), diphenyl sulfide, methyltrichlorostearate, chlorinatednaphthalene, fluoroalkylpolysiloxane, lead naphthenate, neutralizedphosphates, dithiophosphates, sulfur-free phosphates, and combinationsthereof.

Examples of metal deactivating agents include disalicylidenepropylenediamine, triazole derivatives, mercaptobenzothiazoles,mercaptobenzimidazoles, and combinations thereof.

Examples of multifunctional additives include sulfurized oxymolybdenumdithiocarbamate, sulfurized oxymolybdenum organo phosphorodithioate,oxymolybdenum monoglyceride, oxymolybdenum diethylate amide,amine-molybdenum complex compound, and sulfur-containing molybdenumcomplex compound.

The detergent inhibitor additive package is added to the blended baseoil mixture, along with 0.50 to 4.95 wt % of a viscosity modifier.

Viscosity Modifier

The lubricating oil composition comprises 0.5 to 4.95 wt % viscositymodifier, on an as received basis in a carrier oil. In otherembodiments, the lubricating oil composition comprises 0.50 to 4.00 wt %or 0.75 to 3.5 wt % of the viscosity modifier. In one embodiment, thelubricating oil composition comprises 1.50 to 2.50 wt % of the viscositymodifier. Viscosity modifiers are usually supplied diluted in a carrieroil and they constitute about 5 to 50 wt % active ingredient.

The viscosity modifier imparts higher viscosity at elevatedtemperatures, and acceptable viscosity at low temperatures. Suitableviscosity modifiers are polymers and include high molecular weight(polymeric) hydrocarbons, polyesters and viscosity index improverdispersants that function as both a viscosity index improver and adispersant. Typical molecular weights of these viscosity modifiers arefrom 10,000 to 1,000,000, such as from 20,000 to 500,000, or from 50,000to 200,000.

Examples of viscosity modifiers are polymers and copolymers ofmethacrylate, butadiene, olefins, or alkylated styrenes. Polyisobutyleneis a specific example. Another suitable viscosity modifier ispolymethacrylate (copolymers of various chain length alkylmethacrylates, for example). Other suitable viscosity modifiers includecopolymers of ethylene and propylene, hydrogenated block copolymers ofstyrene and isoprene, hydrated styreneisoprene copolymers, polybutene,polyisobudylene, vinylpyrrolidone and metbacrylate copolymers, andpolyacrylates (copolymers of various chain length acrylates, forexample). In one embodiment the viscosity modifier is an olefincopolymer or a hydrogenated styrene-isoprene copolymer of 50,000 to200,000 molecular weight. In one embodiment, the viscosity modifier is anon-dispersant olefin copolymer. In one embodiment, the viscositymodifier is a shear stable polymer, such as a shear stablenon-dispersant olefin copolymer in the context of this disclosure ashear stable viscosity modifier has a shear stability index (SSI) of10-40.

In one embodiment, the viscosity modifier contains: a) an amino alcoholreaction product prepared by isomerizing a normal alpha olefin to forman internal olefin; epoxidizing said olefin; and reacting with amono-hydroxyl hydrocarbyl amine; and b) an ester of glycerol and acarboxylic acid containing 0 to 3 double bonds. These friction modifiersare described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,703,680.

TBN Booster

The lubricating oil composition can also comprise a TBN booster thatraises the TBN of the lubricating oil composition. In one embodiment,the TBN booster raises the TBN of the lubricating oil composition tofrom 8.55 to 11.00 mg KOH/g by ASTM D2896-11. As indicated previously,the TBN booster can be designed primarily to provide additional basicityto the formulation (measured as total base number (TBN), by ASTMD2896-11). The additional basicity provided by a TBN booster can be usedto distinguish between different formulations of lubricating oilcompositions and can also provide additional corrosion protection, sincecorrosion is less likely to occur in a moderately alkaline environment.Acids can be generated from fuel combustion or from oxidation of engineoil in hot spots, and the additional basicity can neutralize theseacids. If the TBN of the engine oil is too high, the engine oil can alsobecome aggressive to metal surfaces and appear as wear in engine tests.

Examples of TBN boosters are described in US20130281336A1,US20120040876A1, WO2014033634A2, JP2013072088A, U.S. Pat. No.8,703,682B2, US20110105374A1, U.S. Pat. No. 7,749,948B2, and EP708171B1.In one embodiment, the lubricating oil composition comprises 0.50 to3.50 wt % of the TBN booster, such as (for example) 0.75 to 2.25 wt % ofthe TBN booster.

In one embodiment, the TBN booster comprises at least 60 wt %dispersants, at least an antioxidant, and less than 5 wt % overbasedmetal detergent. In another embodiment, the TBN booster comprises atleast two dispersants, at least an anti-oxidant, and at least adetergent.

Examples of dispersants that can be used in the TBN booster include oneor more of borated dispersants and non-borated dispersants. In oneembodiment, the dispersants used in the TBN booster are ashless.Examples of ashless dispersants are alkenyl succinimides andsuccinimides. These dispersants can be further modified by reactionwith, for example, with boron or ethylene carbonate. Ester-based ashlessdispersants derived from long chain hydrocarbon-substituted carboxylicacids and hydroxy compounds may also be employed. Other ashlessdispersants are those derived from polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride.

In one embodiment, the dispersant used in the TBN booster is anon-conventional polysuccinimide dispersant derived from terpolymerPIBSA, N-phenylenediamine and a polyether amine. Dispersants of thistype are described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,745,541.

Examples of antioxidants that can be used in the TBN booster include oneor more of esters of thiodicarboxylic acids, di-thiocarbamates, such as15-methylenebis(di-butyl di-thiocarbamate), salts of di-thiophosphoricacids, alkyl or aryl phosphates. Molybdenum compounds, such asamine-molybdenum complex compound and molybdenum di-thiocarbamates mayalso be used as anti-oxidants and hindered phenols, such as4,4′-methylene-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol),4,4′-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol),4,4′-bis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol),2,2′-methylene-bis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol),4,4′-butylidene-bis(3-methyl-6-tertbutylphenol),4,4′-isopropylidene-bis(2,6-di-tertbutylphenol), 2,2′-methylene-bis(4-methyl-6-nonylphenol), 2,2′-isobutylidene-bis (4,6-dimethylphenol),2,2′-5-methylene-his (4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol),2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl4-ethylphenol,2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butyl-phenol, 2,6-di-tert-1-dimethylamino-p-cresol,2,6-di-tert-4-(N,N′-di-methylaminomethylphenol),4,4′-thio-bis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol),2,2′-thiobis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol),bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-10-butylbenzyl)-sulfide, andbis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl). In one embodiment the TBNbooster comprises hindered phenols that do not contribute to thephosphorus, sulfur and sulfated ash content of the engine oil.

In one embodiment, the TBN booster comprises 15 to 30 wt % of a diphenylamine antioxidant. In one embodiment, the TBN booster comprises 20 to 40wt % of an ashless non-borated dispersant. In one embodiment, the TBNbooster comprises 35 to 50 wt % of a borated dispersant. In oneembodiment, the TBN booster comprises 0.5 to 3 wt % of a magnesiumsulfonate detergent. For example, the TBN booster can comprise 15 to 30wt % of a diphenyl amine antioxidant, 20 to 40 wt % of an ashlessnon-borated dispersant, 35 to 50 wt % of an ashless borated dispersant,and 0.5 to 3 wt % of a magnesium sulfonate detergent.

Examples of diphenyl amine antioxidants that may be included in the TBNbooster include monoalkylated diphenylamine, dialkylated diphenylamine,trialkylated diphenylamine, and mixtures thereof. Some of these includebutyldiphenylamine, di-butyldiphenylamine, oxtyldiphenylamine,di-octyldiphenylamine, nonyldiphenylamine, di-nonyldiphenylamine,t-butyl-t-octyldiphenylamine, and mixtures thereof.

Examples of overbased metal detergents that can be included in the TBNbooster are low and high overbased sulfonic acids or phenols or Mannichcondensation products of alkylphenols, aldehydes and amines. In oneembodiment, the overbased metal detergent in the TBN booster does notinclude overbased salicylic acids or carboxylic acids. In one embodimentthe overbased metal detergent that can be included in the TBN booster isa highly overbased magnesium sulfonate detergent having a TBN of about300 or greater, such as about 350 to 500. For example, the highlyoverbased magnesium sulfonate detergent can be a highly overbasedmagnesium alkyltoluene sulfonate, such as described in U.S. Patent Pub.No. 20110136711 A1.

Other Additives

A small amount of pour point depressant can also be blended into thelubricating oil composition. When used, the amount of pour pointdepressant included in the lubricating oil composition can be 0.01 to2.00 wt %. Examples of pour point depressants are polymethacrylates,polyalkylmethacrylates, polyacrylates, di(tetra paraffin phenol)phthalate, condensation products of tetra paraffin phenol, andcondensation product of a chlorinated paraffin wax with naphthalene.These pour point depressants, and other suitable additives that can beincluded in the lubricating oil composition, are described in Chemistryand Technology of Lubricants (GoogleBook), R. M. Mortier, Malcolm F.Fox, S. T. Orszuiik, Springer, Apr. 14, 2011.

Other suitable additives that can be blended into the lubricating oilcomposition can include friction modifiers, rust inhibitors, dehazingagents, demulsifying agents, metal deactivating agents, antifoamingagents, co-solvents, package compatibilisers, corrosion-inhibitors,dyes, extreme pressure agents, and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, the step of adding the detergent inhibitor additivepackage, the TBN booster (when used), and the viscosity modifier to theblended base oil mixture is done such that the resulting lubricating oilcomposition comprises 70 to 85 wt % of the first Group II base oil andfrom 2.0 to 6.5 wt % of the second Group II base oil.

In one embodiment, the step of adding the detergent inhibitor additivepackage, the TBN booster (when used), and the viscosity modifier to theblended base oil mixture is done such that the resulting lubricating oilcomposition has a sulfated ash from 0.50 to 1.10 wt %, such as from 0.60to 1.05 wt %. In another embodiment, the step of adding the detergentinhibitor additive package, the TBN booster (when used), and theviscosity modifier to the blended base oil mixture is done such that theresulting lubricating oil composition has a sulfated ash of 1.0 Or less,such as 0.65 to 1.00 wt %

In one embodiment, the step of adding the TBN booster to the blendedbase oil mixture is done such that the lubricating oil compositioncomprises 0.75 to 2.25 wt % of the TBN booster.

In one embodiment, the step of adding the viscosity modifier to theblended base oil mixture is done such that the lubricating oilcomposition comprises 0.75 to 3.5 wt % of the viscosity modifier.

Lubricating Oil Composition Performance

In one embodiment the SAE 15W-30 lubricating oil composition of thepresent invention meets API CJ-4. Other industry specifications that theSAE 15W-30 lubricating oil composition can meet include API SM, CumminsCES 20081, Daimler MB 228.31, Volvo VDS-4, Mack Trucks (Volvo) EO-OPremium Plus 2007, Renault Trucks (Volvo) RLD-3, Caterpillar ECF-3,Detroit Diesel Power Guard 93K218, Deutz DQC LA, MAN Truck & Bus M3575.

The SAE 15W-30 lubricating oil composition of the present invention hasexcellent oxidative stability as demonstrated in the CaterpillarMicro-Oxidation Test (CMOT). CMOT is a test used to measure the thermaland oxidative stability of fully formulated diesel engine oils underthin film conditions. This test provides an indication as to whether acandidate oil is worthy of field trial in a Caterpillar 3600 seriesengine. The results generated in the CMOT give an Induction Time inminutes indicating relative time for antioxidants in the oil to deplete.The development of the Caterpillar Micro-Oxidation Test (CMOT) isdiscussed in #890239 of the SAE Technical Paper Series “Evaluation ofDiesel Engine Lubricants by Micro-Oxidation,” authored by Fulvio N.Zerla and Robert A. Moore. The induction time to deposit formation inthe CMOT can be determined by calculating the intercept between abaseline formed where minimal deposits are seen, and the slope formedwhere a rapid rise in deposit formation is seen. Longer induction timescorrespond to improved deposit control. An Induction Time of 70 minutesor greater is generally considered acceptable for some heavy duty engineoils. In its publication SEBU7003-4 “Caterpillar 3600 Series and C 280Series Diesel Engines Fluids Recommendation”, Caterpillar specifies thatengine oil must demonstrate a minimum Induction Time of 90 minutes inthe CMOT. The SAE 15W-30 lubricating oil composition provides anInduction Time in the CMOT from 270 to 450 minutes, such as from 330 to400 minutes, or 350 to 400 minutes. In one embodiment, the SAE 15W-30lubricating oil composition also provides less than 20 mg totaldeposits, such as only 5 to 16 mg total deposits, in a Moderately HighTemperature (MHT) Thermo-Oxidation Engine Test by ASTM D7097-09.

The SAE 15W-30 lubricating oil composition additionally can provideexcellent engine wear protection. In one embodiment, the SAE 15W-30lubricating oil composition provides an average cam lobe wear in theCummins ISB test less than 49 μm, such as from 15 to 48 μm or from 20 to45 μm. In one embodiment, the SAE 15W-30 lubricating oil compositionprovides an average cam and lifter wear in a Sequence test less than 22μm, such as from 5 to 20 μm. In one embodiment, the SAE 15W-30lubricating oil composition provides a cam wear average in a SequenceIVA test less than 11 μm, such as from 1 to 10 μm.

In one embodiment, the SAE 15W-30 lubricating oil provides superiorshear stability. In one embodiment, the SAE 15W-30 lubricating oilcomposition provides a percent viscosity loss of the 30-cycle shearedoil (PVL30) of less than 0.80%, such as from 0.20 to 0.60%. In oneembodiment, the SAE 15W-30 lubricating oil composition provides apercent viscosity loss of the 90-cycle sheared oil (PVL90) of less than1.00%, such as from 0.20 to 0.80%. In one embodiment, the SAE 15W-30lubricating oil composition provides a percent change in viscosity at100° C. in the KRL Shear Stability Test, performed according toCEC-L-45-99 less than 20%, such as from 6 to 16%.

EXAMPLES Example 1 Lubricating Oil Compositions

Three different lubricating oil compositions with different viscositygrades were blended as described in Table 1. These lubricating oilcompositions were formulated to meet heavy duty engine oilspecifications and major diesel engine manufacturers' requirements.

Base oil blends were mixed to meet defined base oil blend viscositiesand then engine oil additives were mixed into the base oil blends inproportions needed to give a sulfated ash of 0.65 to 1.00 wt %, a TBNfrom 7.5 to 9.5 mg KOH/g, a High-Temperature High-Shear (HTHS) from 3.5to 4.0 mPa·s, and a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. within the definedviscosity grades of SAE 10W-30, SAE 15W-30, or SAE 15W-40. Less than 7wt % of a trim stock, Chevron 110RLV, was used to bring the blend oilviscosity into the desired range for the SAE 10W-30 lubricating oilcomposition. No trim stock was used in formulating the SAE 15W-30 or SAE15W-40 lubricating oil compositions.

TABLE 1 Components, wt % SAE 10W-30 SAE 15W-30 SAE 15W-40 Chevron Ursa ®Example Chevron Ursa ® Super Plus EC Lubricating Oil Super Plus EC10W-30 Composition 15W-40 Chevron 220R 33.69 77.12 69.98 Chevron 600R7.84 4.22 8.62 Chevron 5.66 0 0 110RLV Estimated Base 5.66 6.65 6.89 OilBlend Viscosity, mm²/s DI Additive 16.9 14.69 + 1 TBN 14.69 Package, wt% booster Viscosity 4.35 2.0 6.31 Modifier, wt % Pour Point 0.40 0.400.40 Depressant, wt %

Ursa®, OLOA®, and PARATONE® are registered trademarks owned by ChevronIntellectual Property L.L.C.

Chevron 220R, Chevron 600R, and Chevron 110RLV are API Group II baseoils from Chevron Corporation. Chevron 220R and Chevron 600R hadviscosity indexes from 102 to 109. Chevron 110RLV had a viscosity indexfrom 110 to 119. The Detergent Inhibitor (DI) Additive Packages usedwere either used alone or with the addition of a TBN booster. The TBNbooster had a TBN from 50 to 62 mg KOH/g by ASTM D2896-11. The TBNbooster contributed the following to the lubricating oil composition:0.5 wt % non-borated dispersant as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,745,541,0.394 wt % diphenyl amine antioxidant, 0.75 wt % borated succinimidedispersant, 0.03 wt % heavy overbased magnesium sulfonate detergent, and0.07 wt % diluent oil. The TBN booster, when used, was used in an amountto raise the TBN by about 1.0 base number by ASTM D2896-11, but it didnot increase the sulfated ash above 1.00 in the lubricating oilcomposition. In this example the total amount of the TBN booster usedwas 1.744 wt %

The Detergent Inhibitor (DI) Additive Packages used in the base oilblends of this example were heavy duty diesel engine oil additivesdesigned to meet or exceed the API Service Category CJ-4 in the SAE15W-40 viscosity grade when blended with Group II base oils.

The Viscosity Modifiers that were used were Lubrizol® 7075F or PARATONE®8011, which are shear stable non-dispersant olefin copolymer viscositymodifiers.

The pour point depressant that was used was a polyalkylmethacrylate(PAMA),

Viscoplex™ 1-604, a trademarked pour point depressant from Degussa ofGermany.

Key properties of these three different blends are summarized in Table2.

TABLE 2 SAE 10W-30 SAE 15W-40 Chevron Ursa ® Chevron Ursa ® Super PlusEC Super Plus EC 10W-30 SAE 15W-30 15W-40 Kinematic 12.0 12.0 15.4Viscosity at 100° C., mm²/s, ASTM D445-12 TBN, ASTM 8.5 9.0 8.0 D2896-11Sulfated Ash, 1.00 1.00 1.00 Wt %, ASTM D874-13a HTHS at 3.60 3.60 3.90150° C., mPa · s, ASTM D5481- 13

Example 2 Performance Tests for Oxidation Stability

The lubricating oil compositions described in Example 1 were tested in anumber of oxidation tests as shown in Table 3. Where more than oneresult is shown, these are replicated tests.

TABLE 3 SAE SAE SAE Oxidation Test Method 10W-30 15W-30 15W-40Pressurized CEC L-85- 91.3, 91.5  >120 119.6, >120  Differential 99Scanning Calorimeter (PDSC), minutes Caterpillar See below 71.1, 77.3357.6, 370.7   269, 269.3 Micro- Oxidation Test, minutes Moderately ASTM40.2, 37.7   10, 11.2 19.4, 19.1 High D7097-09 Temperature Thermo-Oxidation Engine Test (TEOST MHT), mg total deposit

TEOST and MHT are registered trademarks of the Tannas Co. The EuropeanAutomobile Manufacturers' Association (ACEA) represents the 15Europe-based car, van, truck and bus makers: BMW Group, Daimler, DAF,Fiat, Ford of Europe, General Motors Europe, Hyundai Motor Europe,Iveco, Jaguar Land Rover, PSA Peugeot Citroën, Renault, Toyota MotorEurope, Volkswagen Group, Volvo Cars, Volvo Group. The CoordinatingEuropean Council's CEC L-85-T-99 pressurized differential scanningcalorimeter (PDSC) test was developed in Europe for the ACEAspecifications for heavy duty diesel oils. This test differentiatesbetween base oils and additives, and indicates synergies betweenantioxidants. The PDSC results can correlate with other oxidation tests.

Notably, this 15W-30 lubricating oil composition has met all therequirements for API CJ-4, API SM, Cummins CES 20081, Volvo VDS-4, MackTrucks (Volvo) EO-O Premium Plus 2007, Renault Trucks (Volvo) RLD-3, andCaterpillar ECF-3. The oxidative stability of this SAE 15W-30lubricating oil composition was outstanding.

Example 3 Shear Stability Tests

The lubricating oil compositions described in Example 1 were tested intwo different shear stability tests. The percent viscosity lossesobtained in these tests are shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 SAE SAE SAE Test Method 10W-30 15W-30 15W-40 Shear StabilityASTM PVL30 D7109-12 0.86 0.45 1.55 PVL90 1.01 0.57 4.27 KRL CEC-L-45-20.38 12.45 28.85 % Viscosity 99 Loss

The KRL shear stability test was performed in a taper roller bearingrig, according to the CEC-L-45-99 test method that published May 28,2014. All three lubricating oil compositions provided acceptable shearstability performance, but the SAE 15W-30 lubricating oil compositionprovided improved results in both shear stability tests.

Example 4 Performance Tests for Engine Wear

The lubricating oil compositions described in Example 1 were tested inthree different engine tests, as shown in Table 4.

TABLE 5 Engine Test Method SAE 10W-30 SAE 15W-30 SAE 15W-40 Cummins ISBASTM D7484-13a Avg. Slider Tappet Wt. Loss, mg 77.1 65 91 Avg. Cam LobeWear, μm 39.6 26 49 Avg. Crosshead Wt. Loss, mg 2.7 5.1 2.4 SequenceIIIG ASTM D7320-13 KV40 Increase at 40° C., % Not tested 76 71 Avg.Piston Skirt Varnish, rating 10 9.5 Weighted Piston Deposit Rating 6 4.9Avg. Cam and Lifter Wear, μm 11 22 Hot Stuck Rings None None OilConsumption, liters 3 2.3 Sequence IVA ASTM D6891-13a Not tested Avg.Cam Wear, μm 2 11 All three lubricating oil compositions providedacceptable engine performance, but the SAE 15W-30 lubricating oilcomposition provided improved wear results in the Cummins ISB andSequence IVA engine tests.

The transitional term “comprising”, which is synonymous with“including,” “containing,” or “characterized by,” is inclusive oropen-ended and does not exclude additional, unrecited elements or methodsteps. The transitional phrase “consisting of” excludes any element,step, or ingredient not specified in the claim. The transitional phrase“consisting essentially of” limits the scope of a claim to the specifiedmaterials or steps “and those that do not materially affect the basicand novel characteristic(s)” of the claimed invention.

For the purposes of this specification and appended claims, unlessotherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities, percentages orproportions, and other numerical values used in the specification andclaims, are to be understood as being modified in all instances by theterm “about.” Furthermore, all ranges disclosed herein are inclusive ofthe endpoints and are independently combinable. Whenever a numericalrange with a lower limit and an upper limit are disclosed, any numberfalling within the range is also specifically disclosed. Unlessotherwise specified, all percentages are in weight percent.

Any term, abbreviation or shorthand not defined is understood to havethe ordinary meaning used by a person skilled in the art at the time theapplication is filed. The singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the,” includeplural references unless expressly and unequivocally limited to oneinstance.

All of the publications, patents and patent applications cited in thisapplication are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety tothe same extent as if the disclosure of each individual publication,patent application or patent was specifically and individually indicatedto be incorporated by reference in its entirety.

This written description uses examples to disclose the invention,including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in theart to make and use the invention. Many modifications of the exemplaryembodiments of the invention disclosed above will readily occur to thoseskilled in the art. Accordingly, the invention is to be construed asincluding all structure and methods that fall within the scope of theappended claims. Unless otherwise specified, the recitation of a genusof elements, materials or other components, from which an individualcomponent or mixture of components can be selected, is intended toinclude all possible sub-generic combinations of the listed componentsand mixtures thereof.

The invention illustratively disclosed herein suitably may be practicedin the absence of any element which is not specifically disclosedherein.

It is claimed:
 1. A lubricating oil composition, comprising: a. a firstGroup II base oil having a first kinematic viscosity at 100° C. from 5.0to 8.0 mm²/s; b. a second Group II base oil having a second kinematicviscosity at 100° C. from 10 to 14 mm²/s; c. a detergent inhibitoradditive package designed to meet an API CJ-4 service category; d. a TBNbooster comprising 15 to 30 wt % of a diphenyl amine antioxidant, 20 to40 wt % of an ashless non-borated dispersant, 35 to 50 wt % of anashless borated dispersant, and 0.5 to 3 wt % of a magnesium sulfonatedetergent; and e. 0.50 to 4.95 wt % of a viscosity modifier; wherein thelubricating oil composition has a SAE 15W-30 viscosity grade by SAEJ300, a TBN by ASTM D2896-11 from 8.55 to 11.00 mg KOH/g; and whereinthe lubricating oil composition provides an Induction Time in aCaterpillar Micro-Oxidation Test from 270 to 450 minutes.
 2. (canceled)3. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein the first GroupII base oil has a first viscosity index less than 110 and the secondGroup II base oil has a second viscosity index less than
 110. 4. Thelubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein the first Group II baseoil has the first kinematic viscosity at 100° C. from 6.2 to 7.0.
 5. Thelubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein the second Group II baseoil has the second kinematic viscosity at 100° C. from 11.0 to 13.0. 6.The lubricating oil composition of claim 3, wherein no trim stock havinga viscosity index greater than or equal to 110 is used to bring thelubricating oil composition to the 15W-30 viscosity grade.
 7. Thelubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein the lubricating oilcomposition comprises 0.75 to 2.25 wt % of the TBN booster. 8.(canceled)
 9. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein thelubricating oil composition comprises 0.75 to 3.5 wt % of the viscositymodifier.
 10. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein theviscosity modifier is a shear stable non-dispersant olefin copolymer.11. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein the lubricatingoil composition has a sulfated ash from 0.65 to 1.00 wt %.
 12. Thelubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein the lubricating oilcomposition provides 5 to 16 mg total deposits in a Moderately HighTemperature Thermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test (TEOST MHT) asdetermined by ASTM D7097-09.
 13. The lubricating oil composition ofclaim 1, wherein the lubricating oil composition provides a percentchange in viscosity at 100° C. in the KRL Shear Stability Test,performed according to CEC-L-45-99, less than 20%.
 14. A process formaking a lubricating oil composition, comprising: a. blending a firstGroup II base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. from 5.0 to8.0 mm²/s with a second Group II base oil having a second kinematicviscosity at 100° C. from 10 to 14 mm²/s to make a blended base oilmixture having a blended base oil kinematic viscosity at 100° C. from6.0 mm²/s to 7.3 mm²/s; and b. adding to the blended base oil mixture:i. a detergent inhibitor additive package designed to meet an API CJ-4service category; ii. 0.50 to 3.50 wt % of a TBN booster comprising 15to 30 wt % of a diphenyl amine antioxidant, 20 to 40 wt % of an ashlessnon-borated dispersant, 35 to 50 wt % of an ashless borated dispersant,and 0.5 to 3 wt % of a magnesium sulfonate detergent; and iii. 0.5 to4.95 wt % of a viscosity modifier to make the lubricating oilcomposition; wherein the lubricating oil composition has an SAE 15W-30viscosity grade by SAE J300, a TBN from 8.55 to 11.00 mg KOH/g by ASTMD2896-11; and wherein the lubricating oil composition provides anInduction Time in a Caterpillar Micro-Oxidation Test from 270 to 450minutes.
 15. The process of claim 14, wherein the first Group II baseoil has a first viscosity index less than 110 and the second Group IIbase oil has a second viscosity index less than
 110. 16. The process ofclaim 15, wherein no trim stock having a viscosity index greater than orequal to 110 is blended into the blended base oil mixture or added tothe blended base oil mixture.
 17. The process of claim 14, wherein theadding to the blended base oil mixture is done such that the lubricatingoil composition comprises 70 to 85 wt % of the first Group II base oiland from 2.0 to 6.5 wt % of the second Group II base oil.
 18. (canceled)19. The process of claim 14, wherein the adding the TBN booster is donein an amount such that the lubricating oil composition comprises 0.75 to2.25 wt % of the TBN booster.
 20. (canceled)
 21. The process of claim14, wherein the adding to the blended base oil mixture is done such thatthe lubricating oil composition comprises 0.75 to 3.5 wt % of theviscosity modifier.
 22. The process of claim 14, wherein the adding tothe blended base oil mixture is done such that the lubricating oilcomposition has a sulfated ash of 0.65 to 1.00 wt %.
 23. The process ofclaim 14, wherein the viscosity modifier comprises a shear stablenon-dispersant olefin copolymer.
 24. The process of claim 14, whereinthe blended base oil kinematic viscosity at 100° C. is from 6.50 mm²/sto 6.80 mm²/s.
 25. A method of operating an engine, comprisinglubricating the engine with the lubricating oil composition of claim 1.26. The method of claim 25, wherein operating the engine with thelubricating oil composition provides an average cam lobe wear in aCummins ISB test from 20 to 45 μm.
 27. The method of claim 25, whereinoperating the engine with the lubricating oil composition provides anaverage cam and lifter wear in a Sequence IIIG test from 5 to 20 μm. 28.The method of claim 25, wherein operating the engine with thelubricating oil composition provides a cam wear average in a SequenceIVA test from 1 to 10 μm.
 29. The method of claim 25, wherein operatingthe engine with the lubricating oil composition provides 5 to 16 mgtotal deposits in a Moderately High Temperature Thermo-Oxidation EngineOil SimulationTest (TEOST MHT) by ASTM D7097-09.
 30. A method ofoperating an engine, comprising lubricating the engine with thelubricating oil composition made by the process of claim 14, whereinoperating the engine with the lubricating oil composition provides oneor more of: a) an average cam lobe wear in a Cummins ISB test from 20 to45 μm; b) an average cam and lifter wear in a Sequence IIIG test from 5to 20 μm; c) a cam wear average in a Sequence IVA test from 1 to 10 μm;or d) 5 to 16 mg total deposits in a Moderately High TemperatureThermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test (TEOST MHT) by ASTMD7097-09.